Month: January 2019

January 26, 2019

Irish Paintball League 2010

Table After 3 Rounds

Place	Team	Points
1	Karnage	285
2	Reapers	245
3	DIT	205
4	Wildfire	100
5	BCR	65
6	Elysium Mafia	45

Reference: [1]

IPL Manic Cup 9 April 2010

Team 1		Team 2
Reapers	4	DIT	0
DIT	0	Karnage	4
Karnage	4	Reapers	0

Reference: [2]

Place	Team	Points
1	Karnage	100
2	Reapers	85
3	DIT	75

Reference: [2]

IPL Eclipse Cup 12 May 2010

Team 1		Team 2
DIT	0	Karnage	4
Reapers	4	DIT	3 ot
Karnage	0	Reapers	0
Final
Karnage	4	Reapers	1

Reference: [3]

Place	Team	Points
1	Karnage	100
2	Reapers	85
3	DIT	75

Reference: [3]

IPL Cup 7 August 2010

Team 1		Team 2
Group A
Karnage		DIT
DIT		Wildfire
Wildfire		Karnage
Group B
Elysium Mafia		Reapers
Reapers		BCR
BCR		Elysium Mafia
Wooden Spoon
DIT	W	Elysium Mafia	L
3rd Place
Reapers	W	BCR	L
Final
Wildfire	W	Karnage	L

Reference: [4]

Place	Team	Points
1	Wildfire	100
2	Karnage	85
3	Reapers	75
4	BCR	65
5	DIT	55
6	Elysium Mafia	45

Reference: [4]

IPL Barrage Cup 23 September 2010

Team 1		Team 2
Karnage		Reapers
DIT		BCR
Reapers		DIT
BCR		Karnage
3rd Place

Final

Reference: [5]

Place

Team

Points

Websites

[1] paintballer.ie (2010) Irish Paintball League 2010 [Internet] Available from: http://www.d1039224.blacknight.com/forum/threads/irish-paintball-league-2010.9506/ [Accessed 19 September 2017]

[2] paintballer.ie (2010) IPL Manic Cup Live Scores [Internet] Available from: http://www.d1039224.blacknight.com/forum/threads/ipl-manic-cup-live-scores.10975/ [Accessed 19 September 2017]

[3] paintballer.ie (2010) IPL Eclipse Cup Standings [Internet] Available from: http://www.d1039224.blacknight.com/forum/threads/ipl-eclipse-cup-standings.11382/ [Accessed 19 September 2017]

[4] paintballer.ie (2010) IPL Cup Live scores [Internet] Available from: http://www.d1039224.blacknight.com/forum/threads/ipl-cup-live-scores.12283/ [Accessed 19 September 2017]

[5] paintballer.ie (2010) IPL Barrage Cup Draw and Schedule [Internet] Available from: http://www.d1039224.blacknight.com/forum/threads/ipl-barrage-cup-draw-and-schedule.12695/ [Accessed 19 September 2017]

Acknowledgements

p>Thanks to Richie.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 26 January 2019

January 26, 2019

Irish Paintball League 2009

Final Table

Place	Team	Points
1	Team Karnage	470
2	Wildfire	425
3	Reapers	405
4	Bad Company	345
5	Irish Rage	295
6	Marvel	280
7	Team Fear	255
8	Escaramouche	185
9	DIT	35

Reference: [1]

Event 1

Place	Team	Points
1	Escaramouche	100
2	Team Karnage	85
3	Bad Company	75
4	Wildfire	65
5	Marvel	55
6	Team Fear	45
Ref	Reapers	100

Reference: [1]

Event 2

Place	Team	Points
1	Reapers	100
2	Team Karnage	85
3	Wildfire	75
4	Bad Company	65
5	Team Fear	55
6	Marvel	45
Ref	Irish Rage	100

Reference: [1]

Event 3

Place	Team	Points
1	Team Karnage	100
2	Wildfire	85
3	Reapers	75
4	Irish Rage	65
5	Bad Company	55
6	Team Fear	45
7	DIT	35
Ref	Marvel	100

Reference: [1]

Event 4

Place	Team	Points
1	Team Karnage	100
2	Escaramouche	85
3	Bad Company	75
4	Irish Rage	65
5	Team Fear	55
6	Reapers	45
7	Marvel	35
Ref	Wildfire	100

Reference: [1]

Event 5

Place	Team	Points
1	Wildfire	100
2	Reapers	85
3	Bad Company	75
4	Irish Rage	65
5	Team Fear	55
6	Marvel	45
Ref	Team Karnage	100

Reference: [1]

Websites

[1] Irish Paintball League – Wayback Machine Internet Archive (2010) Irish Paintball League – 2009 IPL Rankings [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20100726111524/http://www.irishpaintballleague.com/ipl-rankings.html [Accessed 19 September 2017]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Richie.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 26 January 2019

January 25, 2019

Athletics Ireland | National Track & Field League | Premier Men 2007-2009

National Track & Field League Men 2007

Club	Points
c – North Down	117
Clonliffe Harriers	113.5
Raheny Shamrock	101
Leevale	91
Shercock	87
Menapians	84.5
Crusaders	68
Tullamore Harriers	52

National Track & Field League Men 2008

Club	Points
c – Clonliffe Harriers	114
North Down	103
Shercock	102
Meath Athletics	95
Leevale	90
Dundrum South Dublin	76
Menapians	72
Tullamore Harriers	71

National Track & Field League Men 2009

Club	Points
c – Clonliffe Harriers	123
Crusaders	102
Raheny	99
Leevale	92
Meath Athletics	86
St. Abbans	79
Tullamore Harriers	71
North Down	70

Websites

Athletics Ireland (2017) New Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/images/news/AI_New_Logo.png [Accessed 7 December 2017

Athletics Ireland (2007) National League Final Results [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/wp-content/uploads/2007/08/ESB%20National%20League%20Results%20Amended.pdf [Accessed 21 September 2017]

Athletics Ireland (2008) National League Final Results [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/League%20Final%2020081.pdf [Accessed 21 September 2017]

Athletics Ireland (2009) National League Final Results [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/wp-content/uploads/2006/05/2009-league-final-full-result1.pdf [Accessed 21 September 2017]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Billy Flynn

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 25 January 2019

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.

January 25, 2019

Athletics Ireland | National Track & Field League | Premier Women Final 2007-2009

National Track & Field League Women 2007

Club	Points
c – Abbey	107.5
Dundrum South Dublin	101
Bandon	100
Tir Chonaill	93
Leevale	82
City of Lisburn	62.5
Lagan Valley	62
Athletics Wexford

National Track & Field League Women 2008

Club	Points
c – Tir Chonaill	110.5
Dundrum South Dublin	109
Leevale	103
Bandon	81.5
Borrisokane	80.5
Abbey	77.5
Lagan Valley	65.5
Athletics Wexford	51

National Track & Field League Women 2009

Club	Points
c – Tir Chonaill	114
Ferry Bank	113
Ballymena and Antrim	90
Leevale	90
Bandon	84
Meath Athletics	72
Borrisokane	68
North Down	52.5

References

___________________________________________________________________________

Websites

Athletics Ireland (2017) New Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/images/news/AI_New_Logo.png [Accessed 7 December 2017

Athletics Ireland (2008) National League Final Results [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/League%20Final%2020081.pdf [Accessed 21 September 2017]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Breda Walsh

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 25 January 2019

You may quote copy this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.

January 25, 2019

Athletics Ireland | National Track & Field League | Premier Women Final 2014-2017

National Track & Field League Women 2014

Club	Points
c – Dundrum South Dublin	107
Clonliffe Harriers	95
Kildare	89
Leevale	85
North Down	74
Raheny Shamrock	73
Wexford	66
Galway	60

National Track & Field League Women 2015

Club	Points
c – Dundrum South Dublin	103
Leevale	94
Clonliffe Harriers	91
Kildare Athletics	84
Tir Chonaill	81
Galway County	72
Wexford County	69
North Down	48

National Track & Field League Women 2016

Club	Points
c – Dundrum South Dublin	101
St. Abbans	94
Kildare Athletics	90
Bandon	82.5
Clonliffe Harriers	79
Raheny Shamrock	77.5
Wexford County	63
Galway County	58.5

National Track & Field League Women 2017

Club	Points
c – St. Abbans	117
Dundrum South Dublin	103
Kildare County	96
Raheny Shamrock	79
Bandon	77
Galway County	71
Tipperary County	62

Premier Division Women 2007-2017

Report

___________________________________________________________________________

References

___________________________________________________________________________

Websites

Athletics Ireland (2014) National League Final Results [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/downloads/eshop/GloHeallthAAI_League_Final_Updated.pd [Accessed 21 September 2017]

Athletics Ireland (2015) National League Finals Womens Team Scores [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/downloads/other/Women_Team_Scores.pdf [Accessed 21 September 2017]

Athletics Ireland (2016) National League Finals Points Totals [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/downloads/other/Result_points_final.pdf [Accessed 21 September 2017]

Athletics Ireland (2017) National League Final 2017 [Internet] Available from: http://results.athleticsireland.ie/results_20082017/menu.html [Accessed 21 September 2017]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Breda Walsh

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 25 January 2019

You may quote copy this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.

January 22, 2019

Irish Petanque Association | IPA Singles 2007-2015

Finals 2007-2015

Year	Winner	Runner-Up
2007	Pierre Di Pizzo	Humberto Tavares
2008	Fayaz Sookhary
2009	Fayaz Sookhary
2010
2011
2012	Arshaad Dooreemeah
2013
2014
2015	Nazeem Mohungoo	Pat Kennedy

About

Petanque is the French version of Bowling, and is the sport played at the foot of the Eiffel Tower. It can be played in Singles, Doubles or Triples.

There are three Petanque Clubs in Ireland: One in Belfast, Cork and Bushy Park (Terenure, Dublin)

References

___________________________________________________________________________

Websites

Irish Petanque Association (2017) Events [2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013][2014][2015] [Internet] Available from: http://irishpetanque.org/ [accessed 9 February 2017]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Francesco

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 22 January 2019

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.

January 22, 2019

Dublin & District United Churches Indoor Bowling Association | Rohu Cup (A) 2016-2018

DDUC IBA Rohu Cup 2016-17

	P	W	D	L	F	A	Pts
A1
x – St. Brigid’s Stillorgan	8	6	0	2	32	16	32
Glenageary	8	5	0	3	30	18	30
Whitechurch	8	3	0	5	26	22	26
St. Canice’s Finglas	8	3	0	5	18	30	18
Raheny	8	3	0	5	14	34	14
A2
x – Dundrum Methodist	8	7	0	1	37	11	37
Clonkeen	8	5	1	2	30	18	30
Tallaght	8	3	1	4	25	23	25
Crumlin	8	3	0	5	18	30	18
Castleknock	8	1	0	7	10	38	10

[1]

	Final
	St. Brigid’s Stillorgan	26	Dundrum Methodist	42

[1]

DDUC IBA Rohu Cup 2017-18

	P	W	D	L	F	A	Pts
A1
St. Brigid’s Stiilorgan	8	5	0	3	28	20	28
St. Canice’s Finglas	8	4	0	4	27	21	27
Leeson Park	8	5	0	3	26	22	26
Dundrum Methodist	8	4	0	4	23	25	23
Clonkeen	8	2	0	6	16	32	16
A2
x – Whitechurch	8	8	0	0	41	7	41
Dalkey	8	4	0	4	24	24	24
Coolock	8	3	0	5	20	28	20
Glenageary	8	3	0	5	18	30	18
Tallaght	8	2	0	6	17	31	17

[2]

	Final
	St. Brigid’s Stillorgan	35	Whitechurch	31

[2]

Finals: x – Qualify for Final

References

________________________________________________________

Websites

[1] Dublin & District United Churches Indoor Bowling Association (2017) Rohu Cup Competition 2016-17 [Internet] Available from: http://dublinindoorbowling.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Rohu16-17.pdf [Accessed 25 June 2017]

[2] Dublin & District United Churches Indoor Bowling Association (2018) Rohu Cup Competition 2017-18 [Internet] Available from: http://dublinindoorbowling.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Rohu17-18.pdf [Accessed 25 June 2017]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Brigid Kingston

About this document

Prepared and maintained by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 22 January 2019

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.

January 18, 2019

Athletics Ireland | National Track & Field League | Final Premier Men 2014-2018

NTFL Premier Division Men 2014

Team	Points
Leevale AC	116
St. Abban’s AC	111
Clonliffe Harriers AC	107
North Down AC	89
Raheny Shamrock AC	87
Tallaght AC	78
Dundrum South Dublin	64
Kildare	63

NTFL Premier Division Men 2015

Team	Points
Clonliffe Harriers	129
Tipperary County	99
St. Abban’s AC	96
Crusaders AC	94
Leevale AC	85.5
Dundrum South Dublin	77.5
GCH	71
Tullamore Harriers	61

NTFL Premier Division Men 2016

Team	Points
Clonliffe Harriers	120
Crusaders AC	110.5
Galway City Harriers	96
Donore Harriers AC	93
Raheny Shamrock	82
Tipperary County	74
Kildare Athletics	71
Dundrum South Dublin AC	69.5

NTFL Premier Division Men 2017

Team	Points
Clonliffe Harriers	125
Crusaders AC	124
Tipperary County	100.5
Raheny Shamrock	92
Dundrum South Dublin	86.5
Galway City Harriers	82
Menapins AC	69

NTFL Premier Division Men 2018

Team	Points
Clonliffe Harriers	127
Galway City Harriers	98
Kildare County	93
Dundrum South Dublin	89
Tipperary County	89
Finn Valley AC	83
Crusaders AC	72
Raheny Shamrock	69

References

Websites

[1] Athletics Ireland (2016) National League Final 2014 [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/downloads/eshop/GloHeallthAAI_League_Final_Updated.pdf [Accessed 10 January 2019]

[2] Athletics Ireland (2016) National League Final 2015 | Team Scores Men [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/downloads/other/Men_Team_Scores.pdf [Accessed 10 January 2019]

[3] Athletics Ireland (2016) National League Final 2016 | Points Final [Internet] Available from: http://www.athleticsireland.ie/downloads/other/Result_points_final.pdf [Accessed 10 January 2019]

[4] Athletics Ireland (2017) Live Results | National League Final 2017 | Premier Men [Internet] Available from: http://results.athleticsireland.ie/results_20082017/menu.html [Accessed 21 September 2017]

[5] Athletics Ireland (2018) Live Results | National League Final 2018 | Premier Men [Internet] Available from: http://live.athleticsireland.ie/menu.html [Accessed 7 January 2019]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Billy Flynn

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 18 January 2019

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.

January 18, 2019

Motorsport Ireland | National Autocross Championship | Specials 2012-2017

NAC Specials 2012

No.	Competitor Name	Car	Class	Pts
426	Dave Fallon	Berrisford	4a	155
490	James Lucey	Subaru	4b	118
417	Ian Byrne	Harvey	4b	101
68	Dermot Whyte	Kawasaki	4a	86
416	Mick Schofield	Mivec	4a	76
469	Brendan White	Kawasaki	4a	75
463	Whitby Moynhan	Toyota	4a	60.5
412	Benny Kennedy	????	4a	53
100	Patrick Curley	Opel	4b	38
666	Padraic McHale	Rage Buggy	4a	32
451	Joe Curley		4b	29
66	Brian McHale	Rage Buggy	4a	28
998	Joe McHale	Rage Buggy	4a	28
97	Tommy Flaherty	Suzuki	4a	24
480	Nigel McCloughre	????	4a	24
42	Jimmy Lucey	Rover	4b	21
480	Gerard Moloney	Suzuki	4a	21
414	Trevor Hogan	Rover	4b	21
41	Conor McCarthy	????	4a	20
450	Tommy Flanagan	Opel	4b	19
404	Will Bolster	????	4a	18
431	Sean Hurley	Honda	4a	17
40	Richard Davis	Rover	4b	16
469	Sean Smith	Suzuki	4a	16
716	Declan Kilmartin		4b	13
420	Charlie Cavanagh	Opel	4b	8
450	Noel Brady	????	4a	8
605	Lionel Percy	Honda	4a	6
60	Sam Johnson	Honda	4a	5
210	William Cavanagh	Opel	4b	3
452	Noel Moynihan	Honda	4b	3

NAC Specials 2013

No.

Competitor Name

Car

Class

Pts

NAC Specials 2014

No.	Competitor Name	Car	Class	Pts
666	Padraic McHale	Hayabusa Special	6	155.5
626	Dave Fallon	Berrisford Special	6	151
650	Brian McHale	Hatabusa Special	6	147
728	Ian Byrne	IBS 00	7	129
612	Whitby Moynhan	Toyota Special	6	97
718	James Lucey	Subaru Special	7	84
64	Brendan Nester	Vauxhall Special	7	83
777	Martin Greenwood	Honda Special	7	80
615	William Cavanagh	Honda Special	6	68
616	Brendan White	Kawasaki zx12t Special	6	41
8	Padraig Egan	Jb Buggy	6	40
60	Eamon Callanan	R6 Special	6	38
617	Dermot White	Kawasaki zx12t Special	6	37
600	Ciaran Naughton	R6 Special	6	35
636	Benny Kennedy	Kawasaki Special	6	8

NAC Specials 2015

No.	Competitor Name	Car	Class	Pts
666	Padraic McHale	Hayabusa Special	6	178
728	Ian Byrne	IBS 00	7	148
612	Whitby Moynan	Hayabusa Special	6	140
650	Joe McHale	Hayabusa Special	6	120
616	Brendan White	Kawasaki Special	6	105
644	Gerard Moloney	Rover Special	7	103
777	Martin Greenwood	Honda Special	7	102
626	Dave Fallon	Kawasaki T Special	6	93
714	Jimmy Lucey	Berrisford Special	6	83.5
617	Dermot White	Kawasaki T Special	6	62.5
600	Ciaran Naughton	Subaru Special	7	31
74	Brendan Nester	R6 Special	6	30
60	Eamon Callanan	Vauxhall Special	7	27
72	Enda O’Leary	R6 Special	6	26
718	James Lucey	Vauxhall Special	7	24
602	Ciaran Ryan	Jb Buggy	6	10
615	William Cavanagh	Honda Special	6	2

NAC Specials 2016

No.	Competitor Name	Car	Class	Pts
627	Ian O’Connell	Berrisford Hyabusa	6	141
728	Ian Byrne	IBS 00	7	117
666	Joe McHale	Berrisford Hyabusa	6	106
69	John Whelan	Semog Buggy	10	86
644	Gerard Maloney	Honda Special	6	82
689	Aidan White	Yamaha R6 Special	10	78
688	Barry White	Yamaha R6 Special	10	76
616	Brendan White	Kawasaki Special	6	62
777	Martin Greenwood	Honda Special	7	51
45	Tom Daly	Semog Buggy	10	45
712	Whitby Moynan	Toyota Special	7	43
766	James Mulvey	Berrisford Opel	7	35
714	Jimmy Lucey	Rover Special	7	34
615	Peter Brennan	JB Buggy	10	31
617	Dermot White	Kawasaki Special	6	14

NAC Specials 2017

No.	Competitor Name	Car	Class	Pts
627	Ian O’Connell	Berrisford Special	6	121.5
993	Aaron Falvey	Semog Buggy	10	92
628	Ian Byrne	Suzuki Special	6	89
714	Jimmy Lucey	Rover Special	7	59
644	Gerard Moloney	Berrisford Special	6	58
689	Aidan White	Kawasaki Special	6	58
777	Martin Greenwood	Honda Special	7	41
712	Whitby Moynan	Toyota Special	7	37
688	Barry White	Kawasaki Special	6	37
646	Mike O’Connor	Suzuki Special	6	36
66	Paul Nolan	Berrisford Special	6	34
666	Joe McHale	Berrisford Special	6	18
617	Dermot White	Kawasaki Special	6	0
616	Brendan White	Kawasaki Special	6	0

References

Websites

[1] Motorsport Ireland (2012) National Autocross Championship 2012 [Internet] Available from: http://www.motorsportireland.com/Libraries/Autocross/2012_Autocross_Championship_Standings.sflb.ashx [Accessed 22 September 2017]

[1] Motorsport Ireland (2017) National Autocross Championship | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | Excel Spreadsheets [Internet] Available from: http://www.motorsportireland.com/Championships/Autocross.aspx [Accessed 22 September 2017]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Hugh Mulcahy, Shane Mulcahy, Tom Dunne & Caoimhe Mullaney

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 18 January 2019

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.

January 17, 2019

Ireland Water Polo | Men’s National League Division 3 2014-2016

Ireland Water Polo Men’s National League Division 3 2014-15

	P	W	L	D	GD	Pts
Cathal Brugha	10	9	1	0	66	27
Grads	10	7	3	0	19	21
North Dublin	10	6	3	1	22	19
Trinity	10	3	5	2	-28	11
Sandycove	10	2	8	0	-7	6
Blackrock	10	1	8	1	-72	4

Ireland Water Polo Men’s National League Division 3 2015-16

	P	W	L	D	GD	Pts
Grads	10	10	0	0	94	30
Sandycove B	10	7	2	1	19	22
North Dublin B	10	4	6	0	2	12
Trinity	10	4	6	0	-13	12
Clontarf B	10	3	7	0	-40	9
Blackrock	10	1	8	1	-62	4

References

_______________________________________________________

Websites

[2] Swim Ireland (2016) Fixtures 2015-16 [Internet] Availabble from: http://www.swimireland.ie/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2016/03/Fixtures-April-2.pdf [Accessed 28 October 2016]

Internet Archive

[1] Swim Ireland – Wayback Machine (2015) Mens Premier League [Internet] Availabble from: https://web.archive.org/web/20150922095302/http://www.swimireland.ie/wp-content/plugins/download-monitor/download.php?id=640 [Accessed 27 March 2017]

Images

[5] Ireland Water Polo (2014) Ireland Water Polo Logo [Internet] Available from: https://irelandwaterpolo.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/ireland-water-polo.png [Accessed 21 February 2017]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Laurence O’Toole.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 17 January 2019

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.